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１．後半マテリアルの紹介　Lさん

２．ディスカッション中の様子

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《　今回のworkshop　》
○workshop参加人数：７２名（うち新人の方：１１名）
○【前半】：Consumption & shopping
○【後半】：Should Japanese government establish a legal framework that authorizes surrogate motherhood ?
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みなさまこんばんは、E’s club幹事のKです。
７月８日（土）開催の第１５３回workshopの詳細をお送りいたします。

今回は前半のマテリアルをSさん、後半のマテリアルをLさんにご作成いただきました。
前半は”Consumption & shopping”、後半は”Should Japanese government establish a legal framework that authorizes surrogate motherhood ?”というタイトルでそれぞれディスカッションを行います。
後半マテリアルのリンク先には動画があります。事前にご視聴をお願いいたします。

[今週のマテリアル]
≪FIRST HALF≫
Hello!
Today’s first half material is 「Consumption & shopping」.
Government have set premium Friday to boost consumption rate since last February.
There are many advertisement on YouTube, Facebook, and application to make us buy something.
It looks like they gave us information so as to make us think this item or service is needed.
I have heard that advertisement blocking application is popular in spite of its charge.
I sometime feel I don’t need information about product or service more.

On the other hand, after IT revolution or smartphone invented, new service or product have released.
Product or service which is user friendly have been increasing, designer or company have focused on user experience more than before.
I’m very interested in product & service. I would like you to discuss 「consumption & shopping」.

Q1 Do you like shopping? Is there anything you want to buy? How did you spend money?

Q2 Many good service have been launched recently.
Is there any good service you make use or you are interested in.

Q3 I think government want people to consume. But do you think we should spend money more?

Q4 It is said that Japanese take care saving money a lot. Do you agree with it?

Q5 Government recommend us to buy houses and cars. But after we purchased it, that value have tendency to start to fell down steeply.
Do you think why value of house fell down after we purchase it?

Q6 In the short run, there are many item we have to purchase.
But in the long run, what should we spend money? What should we invest in?

[今週のマテリアル]
≪FIRST HALF≫
Hello!
Today’s first half material is 「Consumption & shopping」.
Government have set premium Friday to boost consumption rate since last February.
There are many advertisement on YouTube, Facebook, and application to make us buy something.
It looks like they gave us information so as to make us think this item or service is needed.
I have heard that advertisement blocking application is popular in spite of its charge.
I sometime feel I don’t need information about product or service more.

On the other hand, after IT revolution or smartphone invented, new service or product have released.
Product or service which is user friendly have been increasing, designer or company have focused on user experience more than before.
I’m very interested in product & service. I would like you to discuss 「consumption & shopping」.

Q1 Do you like shopping? Is there anything you want to buy? How did you spend money?

Q2 Many good service have been launched recently.
Is there any good service you make use or you are interested in.

Q3 I think government want people to consume. But do you think we should spend money more?

Q4 It is said that Japanese take care saving money a lot. Do you agree with it?

Q5 Government recommend us to buy houses and cars. But after we purchased it, that value have tendency to start to fell down steeply.
Do you think why value of house fell down after we purchase it?

Q6 In the short run, there are many item we have to purchase.
But in the long run, what should we spend money? What should we invest in?

≪LATTER HALF≫
＜Agenda＞
Should Japanese government establish a legal framework that authorizes surrogate motherhood ?
【代理出産】 日本政府は，代理出産を実施するために必要な法的枠組みを整備すべきか？

Surrogacy is a method or agreement whereby a woman agrees to carry a pregnancy for another person or persons, who will become the newborn child’s parent(s) after birth.
www.youtube.com/watch?v=C01gR-iGd2Q
Why this happened ?
Same-Sex Couples: Gay couples, most commonly men, will sometimes use donated eggs and the services of a surrogate mother to create a family.
Elderly Age:Personal Decision: As modern family advocates, we believe everyone has the right to build families in the way that supports their personal choices. For some women, surrogacy is not a medical choice, but a social choice.
Lack of a Uterus: The woman in a couple wishing to start a family may not have a uterus. This can be the result of a rare genetic malformation affecting as many as one in twelve thousand women, or the woman may have had her uterus removed.
Uterine Structural Problem: Sometimes, a malformation of the uterus can have little impact on conception, but can make it impossible for the woman to actually carry her child to term properly.
Other Medical Condition: Some medical conditions, while they don’t directly affect a woman’s physical ability to bear children, can have an impact upon her ability to carry a healthy child to term – particularly while maintaining her own health at the same time. Conditions such as heart disease, kidney disease, or severe diabetes can turn a pregnancy into a life-threatening event for mother and child alike, as might a history of certain types of cancer. Also, certain medicines being taken to treat an unrelated health problem or physical condition may put an unborn child’s health at risk.
Surrogacy on global
www.youtube.com/watch?v=vgT7rbyixso
www.youtube.com/watch?v=KQxULSNqfZo

There are laws in some countries which restrict and regulate surrogacy and the consequences of surrogacy. Some couples or individuals wanting a child in this manner but who live in a jurisdiction which does not permit surrogacy in the circumstance in which they find themselves may travel to another jurisdiction which permits it.
Canada : The Assisted Human Reproduction Act (AHRC) permits only altruistic surrogacy: surrogate mothers may be reimbursed for approved expenses but payment of any other consideration or fee is illegal. Quebec law, however, does not recognize surrogacy arrangements, whether commercial or altruistic.
European Union : Gainful surrogacy is made illegal by the Charter of Fundamental Rights whose Article 3 states that “making the human body and its parts as such a source of financial gain” is prohibited.
United States : Surrogacy and its attendant legal issues fall under state jurisdiction and the legal situation for surrogacy varies greatly from state to state. Some states have written legislation, while others have developed common law regimes for dealing with surrogacy issues. Some states facilitate surrogacy and surrogacy contracts, others simply refuse to enforce them, and some penalize commercial surrogacy. Surrogacy friendly states tend to enforce both commercial and altruistic surrogacy contracts and facilitate straightforward ways for the intended parents to be recognized as the child’s legal parents. Some relatively surrogacy friendly states only offer support for married heterosexual couples. Generally, only gestational surrogacy is supported and traditional surrogacy finds little to no legal support.
Issues on surrogacy
What is the relationship between genetic motherhood, gestational motherhood, and social motherhood? And is it possible to socially or legally conceive of multiple modes of motherhood and/or the recognition of multiple mothers? Should a child born via surrogacy have the right to know the identity of any/all of the people involved in that child’s conception and delivery?
Religious issues
Different religions take different approaches to surrogacy, often related to their stances on assisted reproductive technology in general.
Techniques that entail the dissociation of husband and wife, by the intrusion of a person other than the couple are gravely immoral.
Psychological issues
Some women experience emotional distress when participating as a surrogate mother. This could be due to a lack of therapy and emotional support through the surrogate process.
Some women have psychological reactions when being surrogate mothers. These include depression when surrendering the child, grief, and even refusal to release the child.

Reference.
・US – $100,000
・India – $47,350
・Thailand – $52,000
・Mexico – $45,000

www.youtube.com/watch?v=cWNc9XUUbMU

＜Questions＞
Q1: Should Japanese government establish a legal framework that authorizes surrogate motherhood ? Why or why not ?
Q2: What is the advantage of surrogacy ?
Q3: What is dis-advantage ?
Q4: Do you know any surrogate motherhood around you ?
If yes, please share your experience.
Q5: Is surrogacy being considered a social problem in Japan ?
If yes, what should we do to resolve this issue in our society ?

Thank you !

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